![]() Due to the nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics of optical fiber vibration signals, the time-domain waveforms are relatively too rough to describe the characteristics of vibration signals thus it is hard to achieve accurate classification and detection. The processing of vibration signals mainly focuses on two aspects, i.e., feature extraction and classification. Therefore, extracting robust and subtle features from vibration signals and studying the detection methods are of great help for the detection of fault events of the optical fiber composite submarine cables. When the fault event occurs in the surrounding environment, it will cause the vibration to the submarine cable, thus the vibration characteristic is of great significance to determine the type and the location of the fault events of the optical fiber composite submarine cables. However, the study on the fault detection of submarine cables is fairly scarce. ![]() The existing research of submarine cables mainly focus on the applications for the engineering field. For the deformation of submarine cables caused by the ship anchor, a three-dimensional dual nonlinear model was established in using a FEA software called ABAQUS. The authors also compared the results with dual-media and single-media analytical formulations. In, FEA was employed to calculate the ground return impedance of a submarine power cable when inserted into a tri-media environment, i.e., air, seawater, and soil. The hybrid method uses analytical expressions to calculate the external impedance of the submarine cable, which can reduce the computational effort of the finite element analysis and also overcome the limitations of the finite element software. By combining the external impedance analysis method and the FEA, reference proposed a hybrid method for calculating the impedance of a submarine cable. To meet the practical needs of the project laying environment, the final design of the suitable conductor and structure size for the submarine cable was obtained. The current capacity finite element software was used in to perform the simulation analysis and derive the direct current (DC) resistance requirements of the submarine cable. In FEA, by using mathematical approximation, a finite number of known variables are used to approximate a real system containing an infinite number of unknown variables. Therefore, the acquisition of the fault data is generally obtained through software simulation.įinite element analysis (FEA) is a widely applied approach to model the complex system of submarine cables. However, due to the long laying distance of the submarine cables on the seabed, conducting physical experiments on site consumes high labor and material overheads, and the experimental conditions are relatively harsh. In order to ensure the proper functioning of the optical fiber composite submarine cable, it is necessary to analyze the working state of it and identify the possible fault events. However, the impact of human activities and severe working environment will make the submarine cable suffer from strong currents, eventually leading to irreversible damage to the structure of submarine cables. According to the comparative experiment and the ablation experiment, the proposed model has proved to outperform the other benchmark models and is robust and stable under the condition of different signal-to-noise ratios.Īs the main electrical equipment of offshore power grids, the optical fiber composite submarine cables undertake dual functions of both the power transmission and data communication. ![]() Finally, the result of the fault detection is output through the classification layer. Moreover, the IMF components are input to the self-attention layer for feature fusion and Bi-LSTM module for further feature extraction. In addition, the vibration signal can be decomposed into IMF components using variational mode decomposition (VMD) for feature extraction. Then, by generating the detection matrix of background noise and the vibration waveforms, it can realize the orientation and detection of fault events in single submarine cable. First, we use ANSYS software to generate the vibration waveforms of three main fault events of optical fiber composite submarine cables. ![]() This paper proposes a fault detection method for submarine cables, that is, the VMD and self-attention-based Bi-LSTM model. In order to ensure the proper functioning of the submarine cable, it is necessary to analyze the working state of it and identify the fault event. As the main electrical equipment of offshore power grids, optical fiber composite submarine cables undertake the task of power transmission and data communication.
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